¹School of Computer and Communication, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Hunan, 411104, China
²Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
³School of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
⁴School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

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Abstract—In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), asynchronous sleep wake scheduling protocols can significantly reduce energy consumption without incurring the communication overhead. However, the savings could come at a significant cost in delay performance. In this paper, we consider anycast-based integrated routing framework (AIRF) to reduce the cost in delay performance of communications in multihop WSNs. Without tight time synchronization or known geographic information, AIRF provides low-delay cost route. We implement a low-overhead AIRF module in TinyOS kernel by modifying BLIP protocol stack, i.e., the Berkeley Low-power IP stack; as demonstrated, this implementation can be incorporated into existing routing protocols with the least effort. We describe in detail the format of AIRF message, the dynamic updating process of mapping record information, and anycast data flow under TinyOS. And then, we present the anycast group management system. Finally, we analyze the application performance of AIRF in balancing network load, network lifetime, and delay performance.

Index Terms—Integrated routing, TinyOS, Multihop WSN, Anycast protocol, Lifetime

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Cite: Guofeng Yan, Yuxing Peng, Shuhong Chen, Junyi Liu, "Design and Implementation of AIRF: A Anycast-Based Integrated Routing Framework for WSNs," Journal of Software vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 569-575, 2014.